π₯οΈ Fundamentals of Computers
complete notes + 100 exam-oriented MCQs
Based on "ΰ€ΰ€ΰ€ͺΰ₯ΰ€―ΰ₯ΰ€ΰ€° ΰ€ ΰ€¨ΰ₯ΰ€¦ΰ₯ΰ€Άΰ€ | Fundamental of Computer | Top 100 PYQs" β covers generations, AI, hardware, memory, supercomputers, OS and essential concepts. Now with 100 practice questions & interactive answers.
βοΈ Core Components
- ALU, Control Unit, Memory, I/O
- CPU performance: clock speed, cache, word length
- von Neumann architecture: stored program
π‘ Control unit directs data flow & interprets instructions.
π°οΈ Generations
- 1st: Vacuum tubes (machine lang)
- 2nd: Transistors (FORTRAN/COBOL)
- 3rd: ICs (BASIC, time-sharing)
- 4th: VLSI (microprocessors)
- 5th: AI/ULSI (LISP, Prolog)
π€ AI & Pioneers
John McCarthy β coined AI, LISP.
Alan Turing β Turing Test.
Charles Babbage β Analytical Engine.
Seymour Cray β supercomputer father.
IBM Watson, Tim Berners-Lee (WWW).
πΎ Memory Hierarchy
- Register β Cache β RAM (primary) β Secondary (HDD/SSD)
- RAM = random access, volatile
- Secondary: magnetic/optical (DVD)
π Supercomputers
PARAM 8000 (India's first, 1991, C-DAC Pune). Seymour Cray pioneer. Used in climate, scientific sims.
PARAM Siddhi, PARAM 10000 series.
β±οΈ OS & Time Sharing
Time quanta β multitasking. Batch (1st gen) β time-sharing (3rd gen). Interrupts, system calls. MS-DOS, Windows, Linux, macOS.
HDMI: High-Definition Multimedia Interface (audio-video port).
π 100 Practice MCQs | Fundamentals of Computer
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